Moskowitz, Sam
Entry updated 1 December 2024. Tagged: Author, Critic, Editor.
(1920-1997) US sf historian, author and anthologist; he also worked, as Sam Martin, as an editor of trade magazines for the frozen-foods industry, retiring in 1985. For a long time, as a prominent member of sf Fandom since 1936, Moskowitz was among the best known of all historians and commentators from within Genre SF; his work in this field antedates that of nearly all non-genre historians of the field, with the notable exception of J O Bailey. Though he had earlier compiled David H Keller's Life Everlasting (1947), his first authored book was The Immortal Storm: A History of Science Fiction Fandom (essays Fall 1945-Fall 1953 Fantasy Commentator; 1951 mimeograph; rev 1954), a history of early sf fandom which recounted the feuds of the late 1930s among the then-tiny sf community with great detail and a passion quite unabraded by the passing years, and which won a 1955 Hugo. Of more general interest were Moskowitz's profiles of sf authors and discussions of sf themes, which appeared in various sf magazines, primarily Amazing, from 1959; he also published many essays, some of considerable length, for A Langley Searles's Fantasy Commentator between 1945 and 2003. Much of this material was collected (and revised) in three volumes: Explorers of the Infinite: Shapers of Science Fiction (coll 1963), which concentrates on the period up to 1940; Seekers of Tomorrow: Masters of Modern Science Fiction (coll 1966), which concentrates on writers 1940-1965; and Strange Horizons (coll 1976), about such sf themes as Religion, women (see Women in SF), Blacks and antisemitism in sf. Moskowitz's scholarship and criticism were not to everybody's taste, and these works have at times been criticized within the genre and by academics for inaccuracies and a not always fluent style. But the fact remains that, though some of his data and conclusions have been argued, Moskowitz did more original research in this field than any other scholar of his period and few since; no later history of sf has failed to make use of Moskowitz's painstaking work, especially his research into the early History of SF.
Another nonfiction work of note is Science Fiction in Old San Francisco: Volume I, History of the Movement from 1854 to 1890 (1980) (California). Moskowitz's research also surfaced in the form of long historical introductions to some of the many anthologies and collections he edited, the most important of these including Science Fiction by Gaslight: A History and Anthology of Science Fiction in the Popular Magazines, 1891-1911 (anth 1968), Under the Moons of Mars: A History and Anthology of the Scientific Romance in the Munsey Magazines, 1912-1920 (anth 1970), The Crystal Man (coll 1973) by Edgar Page Mitchell, and Into the Sun and Other Stories: Science Fiction in Old San Francisco, Volume II (coll 1980) by Robert Duncan Milne – the stories being chosen to illustrate arguments in Volume I above. Although Moskowitz was not an academic, and did not always lay out his findings as carefully as academics might like – being sometimes rather cavalier in his occasional withholding of sources of information – the above books are a major contribution to sf scholarship, for which he won a Pilgrim Award in 1981. It might also be noted that he gave the first college-level course in science fiction, at the New York City College, in 1953.
Moskowitz's professional connection with sf included an early and relatively brief stint as a writer, with three stories in 1941, the first being a Space-Opera novella of distant galaxies, "The Way Back" (January 1941 Comet), and several more into the mid-1950s. (Earlier fiction had appeared in the Fanzines The Science-Fiction Collector for May 1937; Scienti-Snaps for Spring 1938; Science Adventure Stories for October 1938; and Spaceways for March 1940.) He was an sf literary agent 1940-1941, and managing editor for the last Gernsback magazine, Science-Fiction Plus, 1952-1954. He also edited a brief, four-issue revival of Weird Tales 1973-1974. He was special consultant on and largely responsible for Contact (anth 1963) edited by Noel Keyes and The Pulps: Fifty Years of American Pop Culture (anth 1970) edited by Tony Goodstone. Moskowitz's other work included his editorship of the two useful Hyperion Press series of reprints of sf classics in 1974 and 1976; the Hyperion series includes also reprinted of six of Moskowitz's most important historical works.
Moskowitz was active as an editor of Anthologies and single-author collections or editions, usually solo and under his own name, though he also ghost-edited four as by Leo Margulies, two as by Roger Elwood and three as edited by Alden H Norton. Solo work began with Editor's Choice in Science Fiction (anth 1954); other titles of interest included Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction (anth 1966; vt in 3 vols Doorway into Time 1966, Microcosmic God 1968 and The Vortex Blasters 1968); The Man Who Called Himself Poe (anth 1969; vt A Man Called Poe 1972), a collection of essays, poems and stories about Edgar Allan Poe, plus two stories arguably by Poe; Ultimate World (1971) by Hugo Gernsback, a late and dreadful novel by Gernsback Moskowitz edited to half manuscript length; When Women Rule (anth 1972); A Martian Odyssey and Other Classics of Science Fiction (coll 1974) by Stanley G Weinbaum and The Raid of "Le Vengeur" (coll 1974), hitherto uncollected stories by George Griffith; Out of the Storm: Uncollected Fantasies (coll 1975) by William Hope Hodgson, Far Future Calling: Uncollected Science Fiction and Fantasies (coll 1980) by Olaf Stapledon and Howard Phillips Lovecraft and Nils Helmer Frome: A Recollection of One of Canada's Oldest Science Fiction Fans (anth 1989), most of this volume focused on H P Lovecraft; A. Merritt: Reflections in the Moon Pool (coll 1985). For further titles, see Checklist. In 1981, Moskowitz was given the Pilgrim Award for his multifarious accomplishments. Along with Forrest J Ackerman, he was the most significant twentieth-century American collector of sf books and memorabilia, describing his extraordinary library in "Anatomy of a Collection" (in Science/Fiction Collections: Fantasy, Supernatural & Weird Tales, anth 1984, ed Hal W Hall). Tragically, his library was dispersed after his death. In memory of his sf collecting activities, First Fandom has since 1998 presented, irregularly, the Sam Moskowitz Archive Award for excellence in sf collecting. [PN/JC]
see also: Collections; Critical and Historical Works About SF; Definitions of SF; Generation Starships; New Wave; Optimism and Pessimism; SF in the Classroom; Sociology.
Sam Moskowitz
born Newark, New Jersey: 30 June 1920
died Newark, New Jersey: 15 April 1997
works
nonfiction
series
- Science Fiction in Old San Francisco, Volume I: History of the Movement from 1854 to 1890 (West Kingston, Rhode Island: Donald M Grant, Publisher, 1980) [nonfiction: Science Fiction in Old San Francisco: hb/Ned Dameron]
- Into the Sun and Other Stories: Science Fiction in Old San Francisco, Volume II (West Kingston, Rhode Island: Donald M Grant, Publisher, 1980) by Robert Duncan Milne [coll: edited and introduced by Moskowitz: stories illustrate arguments in Volume I above: Science Fiction in Old San Francisco: hb/Ned Dameron]
nonfiction: individual titles
- Peace and Olaf Stapledon: An Editorialized Report (Minneapolis, Minnesota: Gafir Press, 1950) [nonfiction: chap: Olaf Stapledon: pb/]
- The Immortal Storm: A History of Science Fiction Fandom (Newark, New Jersey: Sam Moskowitz, 1951) [nonfiction: mimeographed: the complete sequence notionally appeared Fall 1945-Fall 1953 in Fantasy Commentator, whose Spring and Fall 1953 issues did not in fact appear until 1986: thus the two concluding instalments were first published in this 1951 assembly: Fandom: pb/]
- The Immortal Storm: A History of Science Fiction Fandom (Atlanta, Georgia: Atlanta Science Fiction Organization Press, 1954) [nonfiction: rev of the above: Fandom: illus/Sam Moskowitz and Robert A Madle: hb/Frank R Paul]
- Hugo Gernsback: Father of Science Fiction (New York: Criterion Linotyping and Printing Co, 1959) [nonfiction: chap: Hugo Gernsback: pb/]
- Explorers of the Infinite: Shapers of Science Fiction (Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing Co, 1963) [nonfiction: coll: hb/]
- Seekers of Tomorrow: Masters of Modern Science Fiction (Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing Co, 1966) [nonfiction: coll: hb/]
- A Canticle for P. Schuyler Miller (Newark, New Jersey: Sam Moskowitz, 1976) [nonfiction: chap: P Schuyler Miller: pb/photographic]
- Charles Fort: A Radical Corpuscle (Newark, New Jersey: Sam Moskowitz, 1976) [nonfiction: chap: Charles Fort: pb/]
- Strange Horizons: The Spectrum of Science Fiction (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1976) [nonfiction: coll: hb/Greta Franzen]
- After All These Years ...: Sam Moskowitz on his Science Fiction Career (Center Harbor, New Hampshire: Niekas Publications, 1991) [nonfiction: chap: technically a special issue of Niekas (September 1991; #43a): comprising a long postal Interview conducted by Jeffrey Elliot: edited and introduced by Fred Lerner: pb/]
works as editor
individual authors, collections and novels
- David H Keller. Life Everlasting (Newark, New Jersey: Avalon Co, 1947) [coll: hb/Russell Swanson]
- Francis Stevens. The Citadel of Fear (New York: Paperback Library, 1970) [pb/Steele Savage]
- Hugo Gernsback. Ultimate World (New York: Walker and Company, 1971) [severely cut by Moskowitz to make text publishable: hb/Frank R Paul]
- Edgar Page Mitchell. The Crystal Man: Landmark Science Fiction (Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company, 1973) [hb/James Starrett]
- Stanley G Weinbaum. Martian Odyssey and Other Classics of Science Fiction (Westport, Connecticut: Hyperion Press, 1974) [hb/]
- George Griffith. The Raid of "Le Vengeur" and Other Stories (London: Ferret Fantasy, 1974) [coll of previously uncollected material: pb/]
- William Hope Hodgson. Out of the Storm: Uncollected Fantasies (West Kingston, Rhode Island: Donald M Grant, Publisher, 1975) [coll: long intro by Moskowitz: hb/]
- William Hope Hodgson. A Dream of X (West Kingston, Rhode Island: Donald M Grant, Publisher, 1977) [chap: a short version of The Night Land: hb/Stephen E Fabian]
- Olaf Stapledon. Far Future Calling: Uncollected Science Fiction and Fantasies of Olaf Stapledon (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Oswald Train, 1979) [coll: hb/Stephen E Fabian]
- A Merritt. A. Merritt: Reflections in the Moon Pool (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Oswald Train, 1985) [coll: containing various matter: hb/Stephen E Fabian]
- William Hope Hodgson. The Haunted "Pampero": Uncollected Fantasies and Mysteries (Hampton Falls, New Hampshire: Donald M Grant, Publisher, 1992) [coll: hb/Arthur E Moore]
- William Hope Hodgson. Terrors of the Sea (Hampton Falls, New Hampshire: Donald M Grant, Publisher, 1996) [coll: hb/Arthur E Moore]
anthologies
- Editor's Choice in Science Fiction (New York: Robert M McBride Company, 1954) [anth: hb/]
- Three Times Infinity (Greenwich, Connecticut: Fawcett Gold Medal, 1958) as by Leo Margulies [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/Richard Powers]
- The Coming of the Robots (New York: Collier Books, 1963) [anth: pb/Don Ivan Punchatz]
- Exploring Other Worlds (New York: Collier Books, 1963) [anth: pb/Don Ivan Punchatz]
- Contact (New York: Paperback Library, 1963) as by Noel Keyes [anth: partly ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/]
- Three in One: Novels (New York: Pyramid Books, 1963) as by Leo Margulies [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/Ed Emshwiller]
- Alien Worlds (New York: Paperback Library, 1964) as by Roger Elwood [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/]
- Weird Tales (New York: Pyramid Books, 1964) as by Leo Margulies [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: Weird Tales: pb/Virgil Finlay]
- Worlds of Weird (New York: Pyramid Books, 1965) as by Leo Margulies [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: Weird Tales: pb/Virgil Finlay]
- Invasion of the Robots (New York: Paperback Library, 1965) as by Roger Elwood [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/Jack Gaughan]
- Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction (Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing Co, 1965) [anth: hb/]
- Doorway into Time, and Other Stories from Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction (New York: Macfadden-Bartell, 1966) [anth: cut vt of the above: contains one-third of the original anth: pb/Karol]
- Microcosmic God, and Other Stories from Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction (New York: Macfadden-Bartell, 1968) [anth: cut vt of the above: contains one-third of the original anth: pb/]
- The Vortex Blasters, and Other Stories from Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction (New York: Macfadden-Bartell, 1968) [anth: cut vt of the above: contains one-third of the original anth: pb/]
- Strange Signposts: An Anthology of the Fantastic (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1966) with Roger Elwood [anth: hb/Nicholas Fasciano]
- The Award Science Fiction Reader (New York: Award, 1966) as by Alden H Norton [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/]
- Horror Times Ten (New York: Berkley Medallion, 1967) as by Alden H Norton [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/]
- Three Stories (Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company, 1967) [anth: hb/Al Nagy]
- A Sense of Wonder: Three Science Fiction Stories (London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1967) [anth: vt of the above: stories intact, intro abridged: hb/Roger Hane]
- The Moon Era: Three Stories (New York: Curtis Books, 1969) [anth: vt of the above: published anonymously: pb/]
- The Human Zero, and Other Science Fiction Masterpieces (New York: Tower Books, 1967) with Roger Elwood [anth: pb/]
- Masterpieces of Science Fiction (Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing Co, 1967) [anth: hb/]
- Science Fiction by Gaslight: A History and Anthology of Science Fiction in the Popular Magazines, 1891-1911 (Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing Co, 1968) [anth: hb/Roger Hane]
- The Time Curve (New York: Tower Books, 1968) with Roger Elwood [anth: pb/]
- Masters of Horror (New York: Berkley Medallion, 1968) [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/]
- The Man Who Called Himself Poe (Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company, 1969) [anth: fiction/nonfiction: stories and other material about Edgar Allan Poe: hb/Milton Glaser]
- A Man Called Poe (London: Sphere Books, 1972) [anth: vt of the above: fiction/nonfiction: pb/Josh Kirby]
- Other Worlds, Other Times (New York: Macfadden-Bartell, 1969) with Roger Elwood [anth: pb/Jack Faragasso]
- Alien Earth (New York: Macfadden-Bartell, 1969) with Roger Elwood [anth: pb/Jack Faragasso]
- Hauntings and Horrors: Ten Grisly Tales (New York: Berkley Medallion, 1969) [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/]
- Great Untold Stories of Fantasy and Horror (New York: Pyramid Books, 1969) with Alden H Norton [anth: pb/]
- The Pulps: Fifty Years of American Pop Culture (New York: Chelsea House, 1970) by Tony Goodstone [anth: anonymously co-edited by Moskowitz: hb/Robert Anthony]
- Futures to Infinity (New York: Pyramid Books, 1970) [anth: pb/Gail Burwen]
- Under the Moons of Mars: A History and Anthology of "the Scientific Romance" in the Munsey Magazines, 1912-1920 (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970) [anth: Scientific Romance: hb/]
- Ghostly by Gaslight (New York: Pyramid Books, 1971) as by Alden H Norton [anth: ghost-edited by Moskowitz: pb/]
- The Space Magicians (New York: Pyramid Books, 1971) with Alden H Norton [anth: pb/]
- Horrors Unknown: Newly Discovered Masterpieces by Great Names in Fantastic Terror (New York: Berkley Medallion, 1971) [anth: pb/Ed Emsch (sic: Ed Emshwiller)]
- When Women Rule (New York: Walker and Company, 1972) [anth: hb/James E Barry]
- Horrors in Hiding (New York: Berkley Medallion, 1973) with Alden H Norton [anth: pb/Vincent Di Fate]
- Horrors Unseen (New York: Berkley Medallion, 1974) [anth: pb/Vincent Di Fate]
nonfiction works as editor
- After Ten Years: A Tribute to the Late Stanley G Weinbaum (Westwood, New Jersey: Gerry de la Ree, 1945) with Gerry de la Ree [nonfiction: anth: chap: Stanley G Weinbaum: pb/]
- Howard Phillips Lovecraft and Nils Helmer Frome: A Recollection of One of Canada's Oldest Science Fiction Fans (Glenview, Illinois: The Moshassuck Press, 1989) [nonfiction: anth: letters, articles and other material by and about Frome, mostly relating to H P Lovecraft: pb/nonpictorial]
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