del Rey, Lester
Entry updated 18 November 2024. Tagged: Author.
(1915-1993) Pseudonym of US author who claimed that his full name was Ramón Felipe Alvarez-del Rey, or sometimes Ramón Felipe San Juan Mario Silvio Enrico Smith Heathcourt-Brace Sierra y Alvarez-del Rey y de los Verdes; his actual name, according to the lawyers who settled his estate and other sources, was Leonard Knapp. In 2004 Stephen Holland presented US census evidence establishing to general agreement that Del Rey was born Leonard Knapp, the son of Wright Knapp, and was assisted through university by his uncle George Leonard Knapp. His claim that his father was a poor sharecropper of part-Spanish extraction was a fabrication, though it may be the case that his education did proceed in fits and starts before dwindling away after two years in college. After holding a variety of temporary jobs he began to write in the late 1930s, his first published work being "The Faithful" for Astounding in April 1938. This was rapidly followed by his classic Robot story, "Helen O'Loy" (December 1938 Astounding). Many of his early stories are remarkable for their sentimentality, but the best was the unsentimental suspense story Nerves (September 1942 Astounding; exp 1956; rev 1976), about an accident in a Nuclear-Energy power plant and the struggle to avert a major catastrophe. He stepped up his output after becoming a full-time professional writer in 1950, but this was accompanied by a decline in average quality. He produced several juvenile novels, some as Philip St John (a name he first used in 1939). He wrote also as Erik van Lhin, John Alvarez, Marion Henry, Philip James, Charles Satterfield and Edson McCann (the last two pseudonyms being used on collaborations with Frederik Pohl, who also used Satterfield on some solo stories).
Del Rey's most notable works of the 1950s and 1960s were: Preferred Risk: A Science Fiction Novel (June-September 1955 Galaxy; 1955) with Frederik Pohl, writing together as Edson McCann; the ultra-tough novel of Colonization Police Your Planet (March-September 1953 Science Fiction Adventures as by Erik van Lhin; cut 1956 as by Erik van Lhin; rev 1975 as by del Rey and Erik van Lhin); and an early novel on the theme of Overpopulation, The Eleventh Commandment: A Novel of a Church and its World (1962; rev vt The Eleventh Commandment 1970), set after a brutal World War Three has legitimized unlimited reproduction, with disastrous consequences. The second of the short-lived "Galaxy Magabooks" (see Galaxy Science Fiction Novels), Two Complete Novels: The Sky is Falling/Badge of Infamy (1963), contained two short novels: The Sky Is Falling (July 1954 Beyond as "No More Stars" with Frederik Pohl as by Charles Satterfield; rev 1963 for the Magabook; 1974 dos) and Badge of Infamy (June 1957 Satellite; rev 1963 for the Magabook; 1973 dos). Some novels which appeared under his name in 1965-1968 were actually written, from del Rey's extensive outlines, by Paul W Fairman, beginning with The Runaway Robot (1965) [see Checklist]. His final solo novel was Pstalemate (1971), about the predicament of a man who discovers that he has Psi Powers (in particular Telepathy), in the knowledge that all psi-powered individuals go insane. Weeping May Tarry (1978), as by del Rey with Raymond F Jones, is a novel by Jones extrapolating the theme of del Rey's "For I Am a Jealous People" (in Star Short Novels, anth 1954, ed Frederik Pohl).
Del Rey was a versatile but rather erratic writer who never fulfilled his early promise. His best work appears in the collections ... And Some Were Human: A Dozen (coll 1948; with "Nerves" cut, rev vt Tales of Soaring Science Fiction from ... And Some Were Human 1961), Robots and Changelings: Eleven Science Fiction Stories (coll 1957) and Gods and Golems (coll 1973); much of this is reprinted in The Best of Lester del Rey (coll 1978). More recently, through the Selected Short Stories of Lester del Rey, Volume 1: War and Space (coll 2009) and Selected Short Stories of Lester del Rey, Volume 2: Robots and Magic (2010), both volumes edited by Stephen H Silver, it has been possible to gain a much more rounded sense of his varied career. There is an interesting autobiographical commentary in The Early del Rey (coll 1975). Del Rey was given the SFWA Grand Master Award for 1990.
From the late 1940s, as well as doing a considerable amount of writing, del Rey was actively involved with various business and editorial projects. In the early 1950s he was editor of Fantasy Magazine, Rocket Stories (under the House Name Wade Kaempfert), Space Science Fiction and, for a time, Science Fiction Adventures, leaving all these positions after a dispute in 1953. He edited an anthology of juvenile sf, The Year After Tomorrow (anth 1954) with Cécile Matschat (?1895-1976) and Carl Carmer (1893-1976), and one of the many series of The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year [see Checklist]. He selected the Garland Library of Science Fiction reprint series (45 vols, all 1975) and compiled Fantastic Science Fiction Art (graph 1975). After the death of P Schuyler Miller in 1974 he took over Astounding's book-review column (he had previously written reviews for Rocket Stories under the pseudonym Kenneth Wright, and had done occasional reviews for other magazines under his own name, notably If in 1968-1973). His fourth wife, Judy-Lynn del Rey (née Benjamin), whom he had married in 1971, was for some time on the staff of Galaxy and its companions – where he served as features editor 1969-1974 – and became sf editor for Ballantine Books in the mid-1970s; del Rey joined the company in 1977, when it began issuing its sf and fantasy lines under the imprint Del Rey Books – named in honour of her – and he continued to operate these lines alone after Judy-Lynn del Rey's death in 1986 until his retirement at the end of 1991. His history of sf, The World of Science Fiction: 1926-1976: The History of a Subculture (1979), focuses narrowly on the US pulp tradition. [BS/JC]
see also: Aliens; Astounding Science-Fiction; Cosmology; Crime and Punishment; Dystopias; Evolution; Galaxy Science Fiction; Games and Sports; Golden Age of SF; Hugo; Invention; Mars; Mercury; Moon; Mutants; Origin of Man; Prediction; Publishing; Religion; Satire; Skylark Award; Social Darwinism; Spaceships; Ultrawave; Venus.
Leonard Knapp
born Clydesdale, Minnesota: 2 June 1915
died New York: 10 May 1993
works
series
Jim Stanley
- Step to the Stars: A Science Fiction Novel (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1954) [Jim Stanley: hb/Alex Schomburg]
- Mission to the Moon (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1956) [Jim Stanley: hb/Alex Schomburg]
- Moon of Mutiny (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1961) [Jim Stanley: hb/Ed Emshwiller]
Selected Short Stories
- Selected Short Stories of Lester del Rey, Volume 1: War and Space (Framingham, Massachusetts: NESFA Press, 2009) [coll: edited by Steven H Silver: Selected Short Stories: hb/John Picacio]
- Selected Short Stories of Lester del Rey, Volume 2: Robots and Magic (Framingham, Massachusetts: NESFA Press, 2010) [coll: edited by Steven H Silver: Selected Short Stories: hb/John Picacio]
individual titles
- Marooned on Mars (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1952) [hb/Paul Orban]
- Rocket Jockey (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1952) as by Philip St John [hb/Alex Schomburg]
- Rocket Pilot: A Science Fiction Novel (London: Hutchinson, 1955) as by Philip St John [vt of the above: hb/C King]
- Attack from Atlantis (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1953) [hb/Kenneth Fagg]
- The Mysterious Planet (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1953) as by Kenneth Wright [hb/Alex Schomburg]
- Battle on Mercury (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1953) as by Erik van Lhin [hb/Kenneth Fagg]
- Rockets to Nowhere (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1954) as by Philip St John [hb/Alex Schomburg]
- Preferred Risk: A Science Fiction Novel (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1955) with Frederik Pohl, writing together as Edson McCann [first appeared June-September 1955 Galaxy: hb/Dick Dodge]
- Police Your Planet (New York: Avalon, 1956) as by Erik van Lhin [first appeared March-September 1953 Science Fiction Adventures as by Erik van Lhin: misspelled as Eric van Lihn on cover: hb/Ed Emshwiller]
- Police Your Planet (New York: Ballantine Books, 1975) as by Lester del Rey and Erik van Lhin [rev of the above: pb/James Steranko]
- Police Your Planet (Medford, Oregon: Armchair Fiction, 2014) as by Lester del Rey [dos: pb/Ed Emshwiller]
- Nerves (New York: Ballantine Books, 1956) [hb/Richard Powers]
- The Cave of Spears (New York: Alfred A Knopf, 1957) [hb/Frank Nicholas]
- Day of the Giants (New York: Avalon, 1959) [first appeared December 1950 Fantastic Adventures as "When the World Tottered": author misspelled as del Ray on cover: hb/Ed Emshwiller]
- When the World Tottered (Medford, Oregon: Armchair Fiction, 2011) [dos: vt of the above: pb/R G Jones]
- The Eleventh Commandment: A Novel of a Church and its World (Evanston, Illinois: Regency Books, 1962) [pb/Leo Dillon]
- The Eleventh Commandment (New York: Ballantine Books, 1970) [rev vt of the above: pb/Dean Ellis]
- Two Complete Novels: The Sky is Falling/Badge of Infamy (New York: Galaxy Magabooks, 1963) [pb/Virgil Finlay]
- The Sky Is Falling (New York: Ace Books, 1973) [dos: reprinting one of the two stories above: with Badge of Infamy: pb/]
- Badge of Infamy (New York: Ace Books, 1973) [dos: reprinting one of the two stories above: with The Sky Is Falling: pb/]
- Outpost of Jupiter (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1963) [hb/]
- Pstalemate (New York: G P Putnam's Sons, 1971) [hb/Gene Szafran]
- Weeping May Tarry (New York: Pinnacle Books, 1978) with Raymond F Jones [pb/Carl Lundgren]
- The Life Watch (Medford, Oregon: Armchair Fiction, 2011) [dos: first appeared September 1954 Fantastic Universe: pb/Alex Schomburg]
- No More Stars (Medford, Oregon: Armchair Fiction, 2015) with Frederik Pohl [dos: first appeared July 1954 Beyond Fantasy Fiction as by Charles Satterfield: pb/]
- Spawning Ground (no place given: Project Gutenberg, 2019) [ebook: first appeared September 1961 If: na/]
- The Course of Logic (no place given: Project Gutenberg, 2020) [ebook: first appeared September 1963 If: na/]
collections and stories
- ... And Some Were Human: A Dozen (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Prime Press, 1948) [hb/L Robert Tschirky]
- Tales of Soaring Science Fiction from ... And Some Were Human (New York: Ballantine Books, 1961) [coll: cut vt of the above: pb/Richard Powers]
- Robots and Changelings: Eleven Science Fiction Stories (New York: Ballantine Books, 1957) [coll: pb/Richard Powers]
- Mortals and Monsters: Twelve Science Fiction Stories (New York: Ballantine Books, 1965) [coll: pb/Richard Powers]
- Gods and Golems: Five Short Novels of Science Fiction (New York: Ballantine Books, 1973) [coll: pb/Jacques Wyrs]
- Early del Rey (Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company, 1975) [coll: hb/Peter Rauch]
- The Early Del Rey: Volume 1 (New York: Ballantine Books, 1976) [coll: cut vt of the above: pb/Greg Hildebrandt and Tim Hildebrandt]
- The Early Del Rey: Volume 2 (New York: Ballantine Books, 1976) [coll: cut vt of the above: pb/Greg Hildebrandt and Tim Hildebrandt]
- The Best of Lester del Rey (New York: Ballantine Books/Del Rey, 1978) [coll: pb/R R van Dongen]
- Victory (no place given: Project Gutenberg, 2008) [story: ebook: first appeared August 1955 Astounding: na/]
- Dead Ringer (no place given: Project Gutenberg, 2009) [story: ebook: first appeared November 1956 Galaxy: na/]
- Let 'em Breathe Space (no place given: Project Gutenberg, 2010) [story: ebook: first appeared July 1953 Space Science Fiction: na/]
- Pursuit (no place given: Project Gutenberg, 2010) [story: ebook: first appeared May 1952 Space Science Fiction: na/]
- No Strings Attached (no place given: Project Gutenberg, 2010) [story: ebook: first appeared June 1954 If: na/]
- "The Band Played On" and Other Tales (Medford, Oregon: Armchair Fiction, 2013) [coll: in the publisher's Masters of Science Fiction series: pb/Milton Luros]
fiction ghosted by Paul W Fairman
- The Runaway Robot (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Westminster Press, 1965) by Paul W Fairman [hb/Wayne Bickenstaff]
- Rocket from Infinity (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Westminster Press, 1966) by Paul W Fairman [hb/David Noyles]
- The Infinite Worlds of Maybe (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Westminster Press, 1966) by Paul W Fairman [hb/Robert Giusti]
- The Scheme of Things (New York: Belmont Books, 1966) by Paul W Fairman [pb/]
- Tunnel through Time (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Westminster Press, 1966) by Paul W Fairman [hb/Hal Frenck]
- Siege Perilous (New York: Lancer Books, 1966) by Paul W Fairman [pb/Kelly Freas]
- The Man Without a Planet (New York: Lancer Books, 1966) by Paul W Fairman [vt of the above: hb/Howard Winters]
- Prisoners of Space (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Westminster Press, 1968) by Paul W Fairman [hb/]
nonfiction
- The Mysterious Sea (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Chilton Company, 1968) [nonfiction: hb/Leon Leiderman]
- The World of Science Fiction: 1926-1976: The History of a Subculture (New York: Ballantine Books/Del Rey, 1979) [nonfiction: pb/]
works as editor
The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year
- The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year (New York: E P Dutton, 1972) [anth: The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: hb/Lawrence Ratzkin]
- The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: Second Annual Collection (New York: E P Dutton, 1973) [anth: The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: hb/Lawrence Ratzkin]
- The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: Third Annual Collection (New York: E P Dutton, 1974) [anth: The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: hb/Lawrence Ratzkin]
- The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: Fourth Annual Collection (New York: E P Dutton, 1975) [anth: The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: hb/Mark Rubin]
- The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: Fifth Annual Collection (New York: E P Dutton, 1976) [anth: The Best Science Fiction Stories of the Year: hb/Mark Rubin]
works as editor: individual titles
- The Year After Tomorrow: An Anthology of Science Fiction Stories (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John C Winston, 1954) with Cécile Matschat and Carl Carmer [anth: stories from American Boy and Astounding: hb/Mel Hunter]
- C L Moore. The Best of C L Moore (Garden City, New York: Nelson Doubleday, 1975) [coll: hb/Chet Jezierski]
- Frederik Pohl. The Best of Frederik Pohl (Garden City, New York: Nelson Doubleday, 1975) [coll: pb/John Berkey]
- Fantastic Science Fiction Art 1926-1954 (New York: Ballantine Books, 1975) [nonfiction: graph: with introduction by del Rey: pb/Frank R Paul]
- John W Campbell Jr. The Best of John W Campbell (Garden City, New York: Nelson Doubleday, 1976) [coll: hb/Chet Jezierski]
- Robert Bloch. The Best of Robert Bloch (New York: Ballantine Books, 1977) [coll: pb/Paul Alexander]
- Hal Clement. The Best of Hal Clement (New York: Ballantine Books/Del Rey, 1979) [coll: pb/H R van Dongen]
- Once Upon a Time: A Treasury of Modern Fairy Tales (New York: Ballantine Books/Del Rey, 1991) with Risa Kessler [anth: hb/Michael Pangrazio]
about the author
- Sam Moskowitz. "Lester del Rey" in Seekers of Tomorrow: Masters of Modern Science Fiction (Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing Co, 1966) [nonfiction: coll: hb/]
links
- Internet Speculative Fiction Database
- Project Gutenberg
- Project Gutenberg – Edson McCann
- Picture Gallery
previous versions of this entry